HEALTH STATUS OF CHILDREN

The infant mortality rate is 61 per 1000 live births and the child mortality rate is 102 per 1000 live births.The health status of Nepalese children is very pitiable.About 48 percent children under 3 years of age are pygmies. Similarly about 47 percent children below 3 years of age have low weight. About 53 percent children are suffering from malnutrition among children from 6 months to 3 years in Nepal. Nepalese child are also suffering from lack of micro nutrients elements like vitamin A, iron iodine , etc. Due to impact of such malnutrition , some children are compelled to suffer from anemia , blindness , goiter   dumbness ,laziness etc . Some children are deprived from Polio , DPT , BCG , and also from  anti tuberculosis and anti measles vaccine.The problem of drug addiction , bad habit like pick pocketing , girl trafficking , orphan , disable and beggar children is still going on.

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HEALTH STATUS OF WOMEN

HEALTH STATUS; the health status of females in Nepal is also very poor than males. At present, about 80 percent women in Nepal are suffering from anemia that are of reproductive age group. About 5 percent women die due to lack of safe motherhood among every 1000 women. At least 23 percent children are born of low weight in Nepal due to weak health and inadequate diet of mother. Giving birth to children at early age and very low percentage children born in health institutions etc. Are the important causes which affect the health status of Nepalese women. Majority of the women become mother at an age of 20 years whereas at least one third of them also have become the mother at 17. The nutritional status of Nepalese women is also found to be very miserable. Majority of the women have no capacity to consume necessary minimum quantity of calorie and protein. The height and weight of Nepalese female is also very low in comparison to females of other countries

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POPULATION GROWTH AND EDUCATION

Population growth and education; Education develops awareness .As a result skilled and specialized manpower is to be produced. Education is an indispensable tool for the improvement of the quality of life .However it is more difficult to meet educational need when there is rapid population growth challenge the ability of governments teachers and parents to meet the educational need of young people.

Number of school age going children also increases every year along with rapid population growth. As a result there is heavy pressure on educational planning. More ever because of the number of schools building are inadequate classes are overcrowded and they have to be run in shift. The student teacher ratio goes up. This problem cannot be solved only when establishing necessary number of new schools. There should be necessary number of teachers, school buildings, physical facilities, as the same proportion as in increase in no of students. It is also more difficult to provide cheap text book and other educational materials .For this; the government should invest a large amount of his national budget on the field of education.

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HEALTH

HEALTH; Health is one among the basic elements to increase the productivity of the people of the country .The improvement in medical treatment, improved development of communication and transportation, quality and high standard education, developed economic condition and high per capita income etc. provide important contribution to reducing death rate .The death rate decline if there is increase in health services and facilities. It is necessary to control the high fertility rate to available proper health services to people of the country .The increasing pressure of population causes an adverse effect in the national and individual aspect of health services and facilities .There is bad effect on health of mother and infant both due to lack of health facilities and nutritious food the quick delivery of child. If the progress of health services and facilities are compared with the growth of population, the ratio of one hospital bed and the population was 5800 in 2032 B.S .whereas there has been one hospital bed for 4360 people in 2058B.S.Similarly there was one doctor for 36000 people In 2032B.S which decreased by 8 times and has come down to 4275 people in 2058 B.S .It has been estimated that there are 20 people out for 100 people who have health facilities at present. There has been investment of crores of rupees every year to provide health facilities to common people by the country with limited means and resources.

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CAUSE AND CONSEQUENCES OF POPULATION GROWTH

CAUSES OF RAPID POPULATION GROWTH RATE; Mainly fertility rate , mortality rate , migration and government policy relating to population are responsible for increasing the population of any particular place or country rapidly . The causes of population growth are as follows;

1         High fertility

2         Educational status of couple 

3         Political system of the country

4         Lack of women empowerment

5         Lack of population education

6         Social and religious belief

7         Low mortality

8         Migration

9         Government policies

CONSEQUENCES OF RAPID POPULATION GROWTH; The consequences of rapid population growth rate of population are as follows;

1         Land

2         Housing

3         Environment

4         Natural resources

5         Impacts on education

6         Impacts on employment

7         Impacts on resource distribution

8         Impacts on health

9         Human resources

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POPULATION GROWTH

EFFECTS OF RAPID POPULATION GROWTH IN EDUCATION SECTOR; The effects of population in education sectors are as follows;population growth

1 Rapid  affects the overall education system of the country adversely.

2 It is difficult to fulfill the educational facilities and to provide quality education to growing population.

3 It is not effective from the view point of health to teach more students in a small classroom for teaching learning processes.

4 Trained and qualified teachers are lacking.

5 It is difficult to provide compulsory education to all in the country due to lack of educational process.

6 It is difficult to arrange economic resources for schools, educational institutions etc. for the government.

7 This process brings decline in personals and environmental sanitations and also moral habits and behavior of the students.

8 Higher and quality education is so costly that students of poor class cannot afford it. It is also a challenging problem for the government.

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EDUCATIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN

In the case of Nepal , the educational status of children is still poor.Despite the fact that the efforts are being made to improve the educational status of children in each five years achievements has been obtained.

The net enrollment rate for the primary level of education is 80.4 percent.Overall dropout rate in the primary level grade 5 is around 17.7 percent.The net of children rate in lower secondary level is 33 percent.Despite a large increase in number of children education is still low indicating a high dropout rate and low percent graduating to lower secondary schools.

Similarly , the secondary level educational status of children rate is only twenty percent.The low level children education rate may be the cause of high dropouts rates at earlier grades as well as lower promotion rate.

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